LRPS-2019-9150507 To conduct an Evaluation of the joint GoB-UNICEF Bangladesh WASH Programme

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR INSTITUTIONAL CONTRACT

 

Title of the assignment

An Evaluation of the joint GoB-UNICEF Bangladesh WASH Programme

Purpose

The purpose of the evaluation is to assess the fitness for purpose of the programme vision, strategies and approaches, targets and to build our knowledge based on strategies actually implemented, and thus determine what worked well, where, why and under which circumstances and to learn with the intended purpose of identifying lessons learnt/findings for contributing to the appropriate strategies design of the next country programme (2021 -2025). Another objective of the evaluation is to develop (a) standalone value for money analysis of the programme results and (b) a standalone gender analysis of the programme’s design and results.

Location

Bangladesh: Dhaka and WASH programme areas

Estimated Duration

6 months (September 2019-February 2020)

Reporting to Technical Supervisor of this assignment

Research and Evaluation Specialist and WASH Specialist

 

Background and rationale:

Although Bangladesh has made progress towards achieving its goal of universal access to improved water supply and sanitation facilities, at the beginning of the current country programme (2017 -2020), the country faced significant challenges in terms of the safety and sustainability of water supplies, sanitation and hygiene services. Despite the progress made in reducing open defecation rates to 1% (JMP, 2015), only 55% of the households inhabited by children under five use improved latrines. Although only 2% of the population are without access to an improved drinking water source, about 65% of the population lack access to drinking water that is arsenic safe and free from microbial contamination (MICS 2012-2013). Naturally occurring chemical contamination of drinking water is not limited to arsenic but includes salinity, manganese and iron.

 

The extreme environmental vulnerability of Bangladesh impacts negatively on the sustainability of water, sanitation and hygiene facilities and the frequent natural disasters compounds the anthropogenic microbial contamination of drinking water from the flooding and destruction of sanitation and drinking water facilities. Droughts, increased salinity, floods, cyclones compound the challenges faced by the most vulnerable populations in terms of access to safe and adequate WASH services in Bangladesh.

 

The WASH programme recognizes that gender influenced decisions about water have far-reaching consequences on human well-being as well as economic growth and social change. Collection of water is a crucial issue in Bangladesh, especially in rural and hard to reach areas. The burden of water collection is a critical determinant of time and labour management within a household. The MICS 2012-2013 survey notes that women and girls predominantly (88.8%) collect water for the family in comparison to adult men (5.4%) when the source of drinking water is not on the premises, In the lowest quintiles the burden on women is even higher (89.6%). The journey to the water points and the weight of the water vessel have health and security implications for females especially as in some hard to reach and/or rural areas, the water point may be several kilometres away from home. The time used to collect water further impacts upon the time needed to engage in more economically productive activities, household chores or the rights to learning of a child who may have to spend a considerable time to complete this daily chore.

 

Choices within the household about the means of treatment, storage, conveyance and the blend of sources drinking water place the decisions of women at the forefront of drinking water safety efforts. According to the MICS 2012-13, the use of an appropriate water treatment method within the household decreases the likelihood of childhood stunting by around 24 percentage points. Furthermore, choices by women within the household in relation to drinking water handling can reduce the pathways, duration and effect of exposure to arsenic.

 

Relatedly, household level care of drinking water has a significant influence over the quality of drinking water consumed because practices after collection can render safe water unsafe, or conversely make unsafe water safe. According to the MICS 2012-2013 report, of the small percentage using unimproved water sources, only about a quarter (25.6% )  were using an appropriate water treatment method. Treatment of water by boiling was the most common method.

 

Variations are virtually non-existent between urban and rural areas but significant between different divisions (i.e. 45.1% in Barisal versus 0% in Rajshahi and Rangpur). Richer or higher education households were more than twice as likely to treat their water at home as compared to poorer or lower education households. Consequently an appropriate balance between men and women within households, in schools and hospitals and other institutions in decision making is fundamental to achieving the proposal’s goal of scaling up drinking water safety.

 

In addition to addressing gender inequities related to access, use and control of safe water in Bangladesh, the proposed project will facilitate the use of a gender responsive, participatory approach at all stages of the project. Specifically, the project will advocate that WASH committees and o national and sub-national committees are gender balanced and facilitate informed participation of women in decision making. In addition, the different roles of women, men, boys and girls  will be considered in the establishment/strengthening  of functional water safety models and protocols; operationalizing drinking water safety policies and regulations; and human resource development

 

Consequently, the programme was designed to facilitate informed decision making by women, by targeting females for awareness raising and capacity building at community, sub-national and national levels at different stages of programme development. Gender influenced decisions about water and sanitation have far-reaching consequences on human well-being as well as economic growth and social change. The burden of water collection which falls disproportionately on women in Bangladesh is a critical determinant of time and labour management within a household, including opportunities to harness life skills, access education and engage in economically productive activities with short and long term impact.

 

There is a strong articulation of the Government of Bangladesh’s commitment to ensuring universal access to WASH services in policies and strategy documents, such as in the 7th 5-year plan (2016 -2020) ‘Ensure access to safe drinking water and improved sanitation for all the urban and rural population of Bangladesh’. However, though investments by government and donor agencies have ensured that an additional 65 million people gained access to improved water sources and to sanitation between 1990 and 2015, it is estimated that by 2030 at the current rate of progress, 20 million people will still lack access to arsenic safe water and to improved sanitation facilities.

 

The underlying barrier for accelerated progress has been identified in key strategy and policy documents as the lack of harmonised sector wide approaches and the project-based nature of most interventions which limits systems strengthening and scaling up of successful projects (NWSP, 1998 and WASH Sector Development Plan, 2011 - 2025). A WASH Bottleneck Analysis conducted in the eight divisions of Bangladesh in 2018 identified the absence of area wide needs based  plans as a common bottleneck.

 

The Evaluation of the joint GoB-UNICEF Bangladesh WASH Programme will take place ahead of the development of a new WASH strategy and a new country programme document (CPD) 2021-25. It will mainly draw on the results of a bottleneck analysis of the WASH sector and individual project evaluations, amongst others.  Purpose of the evaluation is to assist the GOB-UNICEF WASH Programme in focusing support on areas of strategic importance for accelerating progress towards the SDGs, in particular SDG 6.1 and 6.2. To do so, the evaluation will provide evidence-based recommendations for strengthening the Programme going forward, building on proven results and success, and identifying high impact , areas  and emerging opportunities for the next GOB/UNICEF WASH Programme.

 

• Joint GoB-UNICEF WASH Programme:

 

The GoB-UNICEF WASH Programme is in alignment with the 7th 5-year plan of the Government of Bangladesh and the Social Development pillar of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) for Bangladesh 2017-2020. UNICEF’s support to the WASH sector in Bangladesh contributes directly to the UNICEF Bangladesh Country Programme 2017-2020[1]   (CPD 2017-2020), leveraging UNICEF’s role as a knowledge-based strategic partner advocating for more equitable distribution of resources to ensure safe water, improved sanitation facilities and effective handwashing for children. Specifically, the two overarching objectives are: 

• Improving the Quality, Equitable Access and Sustainability of Drinking Water Services in Communities and Institutions
• Improving the Quality, Equitable Access and Sustainability of Sanitation and Hygiene Services

 

The WASH Programme adopted an intersectoral and life-cycle approach, which recognises that while WASH inputs contribute directly to the realisation of the human rights to water and sanitation for all, through all stages of life, there are key points in a child’s/adolescent’s life when these inputs contribute to particular outcomes in other sectors. For example, water quality, sanitation and hygiene interventions that reduce diarrhoea morbidity in the period up to age 2 years also contribute to reducing the incidence of stunting, while the provision of water, sanitation and handwashing facilities in health care facilities can help reduce maternal and new-born mortality and enable a mother to wash herself after childbirth, safeguarding her dignity.  Moreover, there is also a strong rationale for WASH programming in adolescents. According to the National Baseline Hygiene Survey (2014), 'Menstrual hygiene in schools for adolescent girls remains a key challenge, with impacts on health and on school absenteeism among girls; with three to five days missed per month, this equates to up to 20 per cent of school time. Access to safe water and sanitation is a key prerequisite for optimal development. Very few schools have a separate toilet for girls with facilities for menstrual management, and only 6 per cent conduct menstrual hygiene sessions. This often is regarded as a reason for parents to remove their daughter from school, reducing her development opportunities and increasing the likelihood of early marriage. In turn, only 42 per cent of out-of-school adolescent girls have knowledge about menstrual hygiene management at menarche, with a significant effect on their physical, social and mental well-being”.

 

Since 2012 UNICEF is supporting Dhaka WASA directly to provide legal water connections to the Low Income Communities (LIC)/Slums through signing an Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). Dhaka WASA, through their “Turn Around” program focussed on legal water connections to the LICs, seeing this as a win-win situation I.e. the poor people will get legal and safe water with lower price and Dhaka WASA will get revenue. This will also give dignity to the poor people, particularly the women/girls of the families, who are primarily responsible to fetch water, as they need not to go to the illegal water vendors to collect water, save time and money, etc. UNICEF responded to the appeal of Dhaka WASA and decided to support them in fulfilling their target of providing 100% legal water connections for the poor slum dwellers. Now, UNICEF is working with Dhaka WASA, for the sustainability of this initiatives through city wide approach.

 

WASH Contributions Over the Child's Life Course:

• Infants and mothers: Increased dignity; Reduction of: Maternal disease and death; Neonatal mortality; Childhood stunting;
• Children 6 to 10: child-friendly and safe environment for learning;
• Adolescents: WASH facilities with MHM with the objective of keeping adolescents in school especially girls, nearby and safe sanitation facilities reduce exposure to violence, increase dignity;

Cross-cutting:

• Social Inclusion and Increased Awareness for Children’s Rights: Advocating for children’s rights, Social Protection, Enhancing capacity of decentralised structures;

 

The strategy employs upstream and downstream activities towards scaling up access to sustainable safe drinking water, improved sanitation and hygiene services in Bangladesh. Analysis of the Bangladesh WASH situation had revealed a strong need to integrate (a) systems strengthening (management information and monitoring/surveillance systems, institutional capacity building) with (b) integrated service delivery for maximum health impact.   The priority actions are strengthening the enabling environment, demonstrating scalable service delivery models, innovations, mobilising of domestic resources, and undertaking surveys, studies and monitoring for evidence-based policy & programme development and monitoring.

 

In 2018, the UNICEF WASH Section supported the GoB to conduct an extensive WASH bottleneck analysis tool[2] (WASHBAT) and facilitate a Joint Sector Review to align sectoral plans with identified challenges.  It uses multiple-deprivation analysis to focus efforts on the most vulnerable women and children. UNICEF’s WASH programme for the upcoming CPD aims to reposition itself in line with the findings of this WASHBAT and the recommendations of the advertised evaluation. The latter is therefore expected to use the WASHBAT as a starting point.

 

Key findings of the WASHBAT were:

• Absence of functional Operation and Maintenance strategies and standards for WASH in HCFs, schools and communities
• Absence of integrated needs-based plans appropriate to the specific context in the thematic groups and divisions that capture the specific and diverse needs of the vulnerable populations as well as harmonized indicators aligned with the SDG indicators.
• The poor alignment of key sector policies and strategies with emerging issues, gender and the SDGs
• WASH institutions have limited capacity especially in terms of human resources to fulfill their sector roles and responsibilities for sustainable service delivery at scale. Weak functionality of some of the support structures, absence of harmonized and current tools especially for community mobilization and hygiene education and training.
• Financial flows and commitment are unpredictable, not separated and ring-fenced for WASH at division level and other governmental tiers.
• Private sector is not incentivized and encouraged for sustainable  WASH service delivery and for Operation and Maintenance.
• Tariff is not based on realistic review and there is no systematic review of the existing tariff system. Institutional roles and accountabilities regarding tariffs are not clearly defined and operationalized
• Absence of comprehensive policies of human resource strategy
• Weak sector monitoring system
• Absence of mechanisms and functional structures at the divisional level to facilitate communication between policy makers and technocrats; national and sub-national divisions; between sectors such as health, WASH and education and at the community level.
• Insufficient consideration of cross-cutting and emerging issues particularly gender

 

Theory of Change:

The Theory of Change can be found in the UNICEF WASH strategy for the Country Programme (2017-2020). It is based on a recognition of the gap between access to and quality of WASH services, policy and  practice and the huge impact climate change has on the sustainability of wash facilities due to the environmental vulnerability of Bangladesh. The TOC recognises the  gaps in the evidence base of the quality of WASH services as well as their contribution to other outcomes such as gender equality, maternal and neo-natal health, and education. Analysis of the Bangladesh WASH situation had revealed a strong need to integrate (a) systems strengthening (management information and monitoring/surveillance systems, institutional capacity building) with (b) integrated service delivery for maximum health impact.  The ToC thus comprises upstream (e.g. scalable service delivery models, leveraging domestic resources, technical designs and national guidelines) and downstream activities (e.g. behaviour change, scaling up models such as ODF or arsenic free communities to districts to reach the SDGs, private sector engagement) to achieve these objectives.

 

The results of the WASH programme contribute towards the outcome results of the CPD:

• Outcome 1: By 2020, women, infants and young children in Bangladesh, especially the most disadvantaged (with disabilities or living in urban, remote and disaster-prone areas), access and utilize high-quality social services in a safe environment, and their families are empowered to practise positive behaviour.
• Outcome 2. By 2020, boys and girls of primary-school age, especially the most disadvantaged, live and are learning equitably in an inclusive, healthy, safe and resilient environment.
• Outcome 3. By 2020, adolescent girls and boys in Bangladesh, especially the most disadvantaged, access and utilize high-quality basic social services in a safe and protected environment, and are resilient and empowered as active agents of change. 
• Outcome 4. By 2020, an enhanced policy environment and national and subnational systems are in place for the realization of child rights, with a focus on equity, guided by knowledge and evidence

 

WASH results are measured by three key WASH outputs, as described in the CPD:

• Output 1.3: By 2020, the quality of integrated service delivery and effective coverage have been strengthened in national and subnational WASH systems to support the well-being of children under five years and their mothers, in emergency and non-emergency situations, including urban.
• Output 2.1: By 2020, national and subnational WASH systems have the technical, management and financial capacities to provide high-quality water and sanitation services including children with disabilities and children in hard-to-reach areas, urban and in emergency and non-emergency situations.
• Output 3.3: By 2020, the Government and stakeholders in the WASH sector, at national and subnational level, have increased capacity to expand and deliver a package of quality services for adolescent boys and girls, aged 10 to under 18, in emergency and non-emergency situations, and urban settings.

 

In addition, the TOC addresses the following cross-cutting issues: gender, climate change as well as emergencies and contains intersectoral actions such as WASH in schools, WASH in healthcare facilities and WASH and nutrition for babies.

 

Geographical Scope of the UNICEF WASH supported programme:

 

The programme focuses its intervention on the most deprived populations in hard-to-reach and arsenic-prone areas, bearing in mind the commitment in the Government-UNICEF WASH Development Project Proposal (DPP 2015 -2019) to intervene in specific areas.[3]

 

At the beginning of this UNICEF Country Programme, 50 Upazilas in 24 districts were targeted as UNDAF priority areas, based on the criteria of:

• Child deprivation Index;
• Vulnerability with regard to low performing;
• High Child Marriage and vulnerability to Climate change;
• UNICEF Footprint and presence of development partners and anecdotal data available.

 

Later to comply with government/national policy and priority for safe water, sanitation and hygiene, under Development Project Proposal (DPP) with government counterpart Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE), 40 Upazilas in 28 districts and 15 City Corporations/Pourashavas have been selected. These Upazilas have been selected based on i) child deprivation index; ii) poverty: iii) food security; iv) open defecation; v) arsenic contamination and vi) hard to reach areas in line with UNDAF.

 

The priority City Corporations/Pourashavas have been selected considering possible overlap with the UNDP supported UPPR project in order to facilitate joint programming. The project areas under DPP and UNDAF are listed in the Annex 1: Project Area. It is to be noted that this project has WASH emergency preparedness and response components. In case of any manmade or natural emergency the project provided support for response, early recovery and long-term rehabilitation and development in the affected areas and host communities where emergency has occurred in Bangladesh. 

 

• Implementing Partners

 

The GOB-UNICEF Programme is implemented in partnership with the lead ministry with statutory responsibility for water, sanitation and hygiene services in the country, The Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development and its implementing agencies such as the Department of Public Health Engineering and the Policy Support Branch. Other partners include the Ministries of Health, Education, Environment and their implementing agencies.

 

• Donors

The main donors are DFID, SIDA, SDC, through thematic and non-thematic funding. Other funding sources span German Natcom, Norwegian Natcom, among others.

 

There is a need to carry out an evaluation of the UNICEF WASH programme between 2017 to date, to provide an understanding of the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability of the WASH programme within this country programme and to make recommendations to increase the direct and indirect contribution of the UNICEF WASH Programme to the Bangladesh country and global priorities.

 

Monitoring system

UNICEF works with the Government and different stakeholders to monitor progress by the WASH Programme, Government and sector partners toward achievement of the results of the Country Programme 2017-2020 as well as the more ambitious and transformational SDG goals. Activities towards this goal comprise:

• Supporting the Government and sector with the development of SDG-relevant, gender- and age-disaggregated indicators and harmonisation of routine data collection tools for WASH, including real-time monitoring tools
• Facilitating the integration, dissemination and utilisation of key WASH data in education, health, nutrition and child protection monitoring systems
• Providing sector leadership in national-level surveys such as MICS and participation in the Global Analysis and WHO-UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme platforms
• Convening and participating in joint review meetings with the water, health, nutrition and education institutions
• Facilitating the establishment/strengthening of community-, sub-national and national-level monitoring and surveillance systems for WASH in communities
• Supporting the development of an integrated WASH Management Information System with public access

Progress toward the achievement of the outputs and Outcomes of WASH inputs to the UNICEF Country Programme have been be monitored overall by:

• Developing and utilising results-based Rolling Work Plans, an Integrated Monitoring and Evaluation Plan, the Harmonised Approach to Cash Transfers Assurance Plan, and the rolling Annual Management Plan, to track results and provide quality assurance for timely decision making
• Implementing the WASH Bottleneck Analysis Tool (WASH-BAT) and Monitoring for Equity and Results
• Regular joint review meetings with health, education, nutrition and child protection partners at national and sub-national levels, as highlighted above, along with institutionalisation of third-party monitoring
• Building on bottom-up planning processes and ensuring regular programme visits by Dhaka and zonal-level WASH colleagues

 

Existing information sources:

 

Identify relevant information sources that exist and are available, such as:

• Monitoring systems and/or evaluations (provide an appraisal of quality and reliability)
• Project documents and reports for the period
  • WASH Programme COAR and RAM 2017; 2018
  • WASH Programme mid-year and annual Reports 2017; 2018;
  • SIDA Projects – Project Document and Annual Donor Reports;
  • ASWA I and ASWA II Project Document and annual report, which also include a detailed VFM analysis;
  • Thematic Funds…/ Netherland funded project
  • Urban WASH- Donor report
  • Dhaka Water and Sewerage Authority (DWASA) lessons learnt document
  • SDC annual reports 2017, 2018
  • GoB-UNICEF WASH Development Project Proposal (DPP) 2015-2019
  • UNICEF WASH Programme Strategy Note, 2017-20
  • Country Programme Document (CPD) 2017-20
  • UNDAF 2017-2020
  • Gender Programmatic Review of current CPD 2017-2020
  • Situation Analysis of Women and Children in Bangladesh 2016

 

• Trip reports of relevant UNICEF programme staff
• Major Strategy /Guidelines developed;
  • Sanitation Marketing Guidelines
  • IRF-FSM
  • IRF-FSM/National Action Plan for Pourashava (draft)
  • IPAM
  • Arsenic Primer UNICEF
  • Arsenic Policy Brief 2018
  • Arsenic Safe Union Concept
  • National Consolidated WASHBAT report
• Surveys, studies, evaluations for the period of 2017-2018
  • ASWA II baseline;
  • WASH inventory;
  • Field Notes Urban WASH;
  • National Hygiene Baseline 2018
  • Sanitation Marketing System Project MTR 2018
  • WASH budget tracking
  • MICS water quality thematic report
  • SIDA water quality surveys
  • SIDA baseline surveys
  • SIDA Drinking Water Quality report, Challenges, Evidence and Priority Recommendations
  • Conference papers and abstracts
  • SWA 2018 country brief
• Data from government offices

MIS GIS data/Water Point mapping

• Meetings with Partners/donors…
• WASH Programme Activity Reports

 

 

2. Purpose/Objective of the assignment:

 

The purpose of the evaluation is to assess the fitness for purpose of the programme vision, strategies and approaches, targets and to build our knowledge based on strategies actually implemented, and thus determine what worked well, where, why and under which circumstances and to learn with the intended purpose of identifying lessons learnt/findings for contributing to the appropriate strategies design of the next country programme (2021 -2025).  Another objective of the evaluation is to develop (a) stand alone value for money analysis  of the programme results and (b) a stand alone gender analysis of  the programme’s design and results.

 

2.1 Specific objectives:

 

• Assess the relevance of the WASH Program Strategy to the country priorities and context as well as the global priorities (SDG 6.1, 6.2) and make recommendations
• Assess the effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, impact and gender responsiveness of the UNICEF WASH Program  and value for money of the results during the country program period
• Generate evidence on how gender has been integrated into the WASH programme
• Identify the WASH programme strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities to move into emerging areas such as climate change  within the program intervention  framework of  Evidence Generation, Policy Dialogue and Advocacy, Equity-Responsive and Resilient Service Delivery, Partnerships and Participation
• Assess performance and identify opportunities for the WASH Programme regarding environmental sustainability, climate change and natural hazards and other emerging areas;
• Generate recommendations that inform the drafting of the next WASH strategy note in the next Country Programme 2020-2024

 

 

 

 

Evaluation Criteria

 

The evaluation will be informed by the OECD DAC criteria of relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability.

 

The preliminary evaluation questions are articulated around the key objectives and scope of the exercise and further focus the evaluation criteria. Once the evaluation team acquires a clear understanding of the logic and rationale of the programme, as well as the extent of implementation of the Programme, the team will further refine the evaluation questions as well as develop the evaluation matrix for this exercise during the inception phase, detailing all evaluation questions, assumptions to be assessed, indicators, and sources of information. The potential usefulness as well as feasibility of each proposed evaluation question will be assessed in close collaboration with the ERG with a view to determining the final set of questions. The bidding team can suggest changes to the evaluation questions in the proposal, as long as it clearly mentions how the original question is being captured and the reasoning behind the changes. There is no scope for increasing the number of questions. The bidder can suggest to reduce the number of questions, as long as the proposed question set allows for all initial dimension and questions to be covered.

 

Indicative areas for investigation and preliminary evaluation questions are as follows:

 

Relevance/Appropriateness

1. How appropriate are the WASH programme’s ToC, selected strategies and interventions to address the key WASH gaps and  reach the most vulnerable populations, equitably,  as identified in the Situation Analysis (SITAN) and other Gov documents? Are there any recommended changes to the TOC for the next Country Programme?
2. How well are gender related issues, barriers, and opportunities analysed and addressed within the ToCs and the programming strategies of the WASH programme?
3. How well is the program preparing for changing needs as Bangladesh transits to a middle-income country (MIC)[4]? (staffing considerations, resource mobilisation and partnerships) and what are the recommendations for program components review, upscaling, downsizing and elimination?
4. How well is the programme preparing for climate change impacts, continuing environmental degradation, urbanization and population (youth) trends?
5. Where within the WASH Sector has the UNICEF WASH Programme been established as a critical actor that must remain present?  Where has UNICEF not achieved critical status and needs to either become better or to consider engagement in favor of a better equipped stakeholder?

 

Effectiveness

1. How effective has the programme been in achieving its expected results facilitating the i) Improvement of  quality, equitable access and sustainability of drinking water services in communities and institutions and ii) the Improvement of the quality, equitable access and sustainability of sanitation and hygiene services ? When answering this question keep in mind:
   • Factors[5] enabling/supporting or hindering the attainment of the results. In particular, how the implementing strategies presented in the CPD and the WASH strategy note played a role for achieving (or not) expected results
   • Implementation related factors related to programme management, supervision and monitoring as well as existing mechanisms to set up working partnerships with the government and implementing partners
   • Changes that need to be considered in the future for better results
   • Gender dimensions and considerations in the achievement of results
   • Equity dimensions of the results (including geographic, ability, location, wealth as minimum considerations for analysis)
2. How effective was the programme in identifying successful interventions for innovation and scaling up and identifying the right systems for scaling up though the appropriate equitable  partnerships and systems e.g public, private-public and tri-sector partnerships?
3. Is the country programme structure of a life cycle approach where different sections work jointly within outcomes (life phases) conducive to achieving the results of the WASH programme?

 

Impact

1. How successful has the programme been to date in contributing to the achievement of the multi-level program results of the Country Programme Document?
   •  Is there evidence of achieved impact and outcomes? (consider direct and indirect contributions and intended and unintended outcomes, both positive and negative)
   • How have the results been equitably achieved i.e distributed among different groups of society (according to wealth, vulnerability, gender, disability status, geographical areas, etc.)?
   • How has the sector been influenced/impacted in terms of gender responsive programming within  the sector, partner institutions and at community level?.
2. To what extent are these (early) gains directly attributable to the programme’s interventions?

 

Efficiency

1. How successfully has UNICEF coordinated with other key actors (e.g., implementation partners, Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives, Ministries of Education, MoFH, and other line ministries, other entities conducting complementary interventions) to ensure non-duplication of efforts, maximization of its competitive advantage a clear delineation of roles and responsibilities within joint programmes, and the overall success of the programme’s implementation?
2. To what extent have the costs been kept to an optimal level considering the budget available, the results to be achieved and the context? If they costs have not been kept to an optimal level, why?
3. Have the results been achieved within the expected timelines?
4. Has  the Bangladesh Country Office and Zonal office human resources and skills been put to best use  and what are the recommendations for greater impact and increased competitive advantage of the organization and the GoB-UNICEF WASH program?
5. What is the value for money of the Bangladesh WASH programme results in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, economy and unintended outcomes taking into consideration the various delivery modes of the program? OECD define value for money as “the optimum combination of whole-life cost and quality (or fitness for purpose) to meet the user’s requirement. It can be assessed using criteria of economy, efficiency and effectiveness”. Thus, the value for money analysis proposed for this evaluation should draw many of its components from the evaluation criteria and evaluations questions mentioned above, and complemented by additional ones that allow for a comprehensive value for money analysis as further defined in the methods section.

 

Sustainability

1. How successful has the programme been in equipping the government and strengthening government systems to scale-up and sustain the successfully proven interventions once UNICEF support comes to an end?
   • Consider exit strategies and mechanisms for replication and scaling up
   • Have the relevant stakeholders been adequately trained and their capacities strengthened to ensure effective service provision?
   • Have operation and maintenance (O&M) and sustainability (including financial sustainability) issues been adequately addressed and has awareness been created?
   • Is the monitoring system effectively used by the public authorities and are visits (random and regular) planned for the post completion monitoring?
2. How successful has the programme been in creating an enabling environment for sustaining results and influencing institutional awareness about gender at all levels ? (Consider factors such as local ownership, demand for services, positive social norms, etc.)

 Looking into the future, how can the WASH programme best leverage appropriate partnerships with the private sector and other new partnerships to enhance financial, social and environmental sustainability sustainability of the results achieved , and the WASH program  in the next country

 

 

1. Duty station:

Overall duty station can be the base country of the evaluation team. However, the team leader and key team members are expected to be in Bangladesh for the appropriate amount of time needed to ensure proper understanding of the programme and its context, for participation in key consultations and for ensuring high quality of the evaluation products. The bidders are expected to describe in the proposal when the visits will take place and who will be part of the mission. It is expected that the team leader leads key presentations, even when done through Skype.  As the evaluation is taking place in Bangladesh, meetings, skype calls and other interactions are expected to take place within Bangladesh working week working hours (Sunday-Thursday), 8:00-16:30 BST.

 

1. Description and scope of assignment:

 

The assignment is an evaluation of the UNICEF WASH Country Programme strategy and its implementation through the GoB-UNICEF WASH program using the DAC criteria of relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, impact and sustainability as well as value for money. The time period of the evaluation is expected be within the current country program context (2017 to date), however to facilitate interpretation a comparison between the previous country program and the current program will be necessary, especially in terms of the change in program strategy from a service delivery focus to more upstream interventions. The findings and recommendations of the evaluation is expected to inform the review of the current country program and the development of the next country program and GoB-WASH program.

 

The primary beneficiaries of the evaluation will be UNICEF Global, Regional and Country offices, while secondary beneficiaries will be the government institutions and agencies that UNICEF collaborates with on the GoB-UNICEF WASH program and the signatories to the UNICEF rolling workplan and the GoB-UNICEF cooperation agreement (2015-2019) as well as Donor agencies.  Funding for this assignment will be provided by UNCIEF and the consultants will report directly to UNICEF.

 

Temporal coverage. The evaluation will cover the WASH programme under the current Country Programme (2016-2020), from its onset until the time of the conduct of the evaluation (Q3 2019).

 

Geographical scope. The evaluation will cover the upstream work undertaken at the national level and the downstream work that happens in the selected WASH districts mentioned in the background (please see annex 1).  The evaluation will have a sector wide context and will cover urban and rural, hard to reach areas, systems strengthening as well as community interventions within the UNICEF Bangladesh priority areas as well as the GoB-WASH program intervention areas.

 

Content. The evaluation will cover all activities planned and/or implemented during the period under evaluation. The evaluation will focus primarily on the progress towards achieving outputs and contribution to outcomes in the Theory of Change and results frameworks presented. The unit of analysis will be the programme as a whole, as opposed to the discrete interventions, as for these specific studies or research activities have been developed. The assignment will cover all the components of the UNICEF WASH program, water, sanitation, hygiene, systems strengthening, humanitarian response and the cross-cutting areas of gender, equity, disparities and climate change. Please note that an extensive evaluation of the WASH response in the Rohingya crisis has already been undertaken. Therefore, the focus on WASH in emergencies and humanitarian response should not focus on the Rohingya crisis, rather on all other emergency response that UNICEF undertakes in Bangladesh. The Rohingya response should be only considered in as far as the response might have affected the “regular” WASH programme given its size and scope.

 

Additional stand-alone elements. Taking advantage of the vast amount of information and analysis that will go into the evaluation, two stand alone analytical documents will be part of the evaluation. I) A stand alone Value for Money assessment is also within the scope of the evaluation. It should cover the WASH Programme in the timeframe of the current country programme, up to the time of the assessment. II) A stand alone gender  assessment is also within the scope of the evaluation. It should cover the WASH Programme in the timeframe of the current country programme, up to the time of the assessment It should assess how the program has addressed gender inequities related to access, use and control of WASH services in Bangladesh; facilitated the use of a gender responsive, participatory approach and advocated and  facilitated informed participation of women in decision making at all levels of institutions;  by designing  interventions to target females for awareness raising and capacity building at community, sub-national and national levels at different stages of programme development and incorporated  gender responsive indicators into the monitoring framework and proffer recommendations.

 

Accountability, Attribution and Contribution. The evaluation will recognize that the WASH Programme is a joint programme with the Government of Bangladesh and that many other actors also play an important role in achieving results. To some extent, it is more fitting to speak of UNICEF’s contribution to the results, as opposed to attribution of results achieved (or not achieved) to UNICEF or any other partner single-handedly. At the same time, considering UNICEF’s predominant role in some key areas, attribution might be ascertainable in some cases. The evaluation team shall only ascribe attribution to UNICEF where such claims are appropriate and evidence-driven.

 

 

1. Methodology:

 

The WASH programme evaluation will need to be conducted using a mixed methods approach that reaches out and covers various sources of both quantitative and qualitative data. The bidders will need to show in the proposal outstanding command of different methods available that will ensure a high quality evaluation, and thus this section is under-described on purpose. However, some elements that are expected to show up in the evaluation and that should be expanded upon in the proposal are the following:

 

1. Methods for data collection

 

• Desk review: Of existing literature and grey literature, as well as of existing programme documents, policy, legislative, institutional, financial and environmental frameworks, and other relevant documents that have been produced in Bangladesh and in relevant similar contexts. This is expected to take place during the inception period, and should help identify knowledge gaps, should start informing the evaluation matrix and should help develop the data collection tools. The desk review will also include existing evidence and research of the individual interventions currently under the programme. (A list of some of the relevant documentation is attached).  In the specific case of Gender, the office has concluded a Gender Programmatic Review [GPR], which is currently under revision. The GPR is a corporate process that examines the satisfactory coverage of gender themes as well as the organizational structure in support of gender. A sub-section on WASH is included in the GPR, and may be absorbed into the stand-alone Gender report.  The gender methodology should build from the GPR, paying special attention to the recommendations as a guide to activities to include in this assignment.

 

Review of secondary quantitative data:  Bangladesh is a data rich country, especially when it comes to data that is representative to the district level. The following datasets should be used to assess outcome and impact level indicators, as well as access to some services:

• MICS 2013-2014: Data available for all districts and possibly can be used as baseline or point of comparison
• MICS 2019: Data collection is almost complete. It is expected that key indicators can be used for internal analysis in this evaluation
• ECBSS: Data on effective coverage of social services at district level.
• MICS Water Quality Thematic Report
• Tea Gardens survey
• Urban Slum survey

 

Quantitative data collection: It is suggested that an online survey is used to collect responses from UNICEF, other UN agencies and other partners. The inception report will need to contain the questionnaire and guidance to the online survey process. If a different way of collecting data is perceived superior, or if the high risks of non-response rates are perceived to high by the bidder, alternatives can be suggested in the proposal.

 

This evaluation does not foresee any household surveys to take place, given the rich amount of information available. However, social media can be used to explore certain evaluation questions with adolescents. Bangladesh has a large number of facebook and u-report users which can be accessed through facebook and u-report polls. These are non-representative samples of adolescents, but can be used nonetheless to get a stronger understanding of some of the key areas of the evaluation, especially around outcome and impact level changes. As this tool may leave out opinions from the most marginalized, efforts need to take place through the qualitative data collection to ensure the voices of the marginalized are heard.

 

Qualitative data collection: Focus group discussions and key informant interviews with key stakeholders will be conducted. (A list of relevant stakeholders is provided, though the consultants have the flexibility of adding or removing from this list). When organizing focus group discussions, attention will be given to ensure: gender balance, geographic distribution, and cultural sensitivity, representation of population groups and representation of the stakeholders/duty bearers at all levels (policy/service providers/target groups/communities). The evaluation team must detail the characteristics of each sample: how it is selected, the rationale for the selection, and the limitations of the sample for interpreting evaluation results.

 

Expected Respondents

• Key informant interviews will be held with duty bearers i.e. representatives of the institutions that are signatories to the UNICEF workplan, which span education, health and WASH and local government (a comprehensive list is attached)
• Stakeholder consultations will be held with key informants noted above as well as the members of the local consultative group for WASH and other relevant stakeholders
• Right holders will be targeted in a way that reflects vulnerabilities, gender dimensions, hard to reach areas and socio-economic context.
• Implementing partners as well as Third party monitors that have been involved in UNICEF program

 

Sampling Methodology and Sample Size

The key informant interviews will span the national stakeholders and all the six UNICEF zonal office locations.

 

A stratified sampling method will be used to ensure that field level assessment, key informant interviews and focus group discussion cover all zonal offices with random selection of a representative number of the program districts, upazilas, unions and communities.  The final list of selected locations will need to be included in the inception report and validated by the reference group.

 

Methods for data analysis

The evaluation matrix will provide the guiding structure for data analysis for all components of the evaluation. The evaluation questions will be used to structure data analysis. The following methods of data analysis and synthesis are encouraged to be used:

 

• Quantitative analysis - Different types of analysis could be explored with the existing datasets. First, MICS will show the trends and changes over time at the district level. The bidding firms should expand on how to best capitalize on the data. Additional analysis that can be done with both data sets that could help in terms of impact and attribution could be: i) the WASH programme has operated in key districts (though only in some upazillas of these districts) in its downstream work. There are districts that may have been similar though slightly better off at baseline, but still comparable in terms of key WASH indicators. These districts could potentially serve as comparison for observing the differences in trends between the two. ii) Intensity analysis based on UNICEF’s investments in different districts. Not all WASH activities and interventions happened across all districts. Intensity analysis that looks into changes in indicators, correlated with investment levels could be an interesting exercise.  It is important to note that all these methods have strong assumptions, which need to be noted and taken into consideration when any analysis is being undertaken.

 

Evaluation matrix: The firms are requested to present a preliminary evaluation matrix that shows how different methods will be used to answer each of the evaluation questions proposed.

 

Norms and standards guiding the evaluation

This evaluation will be held to the highest standards employed by UNICEF for the conduct of evaluations and research. This means it will abide by the following:

• United Nations Evaluation Group (UNEG) Norms and Standards for Evaluation in the UN System, 2016
• Ethical Guidelines for UN Evaluations; Ethical guidance for Research in UNICEF

The final report is expected to meet the UNICEF-adapted UNEG Evaluation reports standards as well as benchmarks used in UNICEF’s Global Evaluation Reports Oversight System (GEROS).

 

These guidance documents will be part of the contract of the evaluator/team. It is expected that the evaluator team read these guidelines and documents thoroughly and, in the proposal, already include a section on quality assurance and how the evaluation will abide to the UNEG norms and standards, and also a section on the expected ethical challenges and issues that the evaluation will need to overcome. The proposal will need to already take into account the need for getting IRB approval if necessary. The proposal will need to spell out how the guidelines will be followed/met, rather than only mentioning that the evaluation will abide by them.

 

1. Work schedule:

The time-frame for the entire consultancy is six (6) months.

 

 

Deliverable

Items covered/Included

Time frame

Payment schedule

1

Inception report and presentation

• Inception report including sampling design, data collection tools, data analysis and triangulation methodology, timeline, interview schedule, evaluation questions and tools consistency matrix, ethical considerations, etc.
• Secondary data review should have happened during this stage
• Presentation of the inception report to UNICEF for approval of report

1 month

20%

2

Field work report and presentation

• Conduct data collection mission (interviews, surveys, FGDs, observation)
• Presentation of aide memoire on key findings and highlights from field work

2 months

20%

3

Draft final report and presentation

• Data analysis and triangulation
• Responding evaluation questions in report, ensuring DAC-OECD evaluation criteria
• Drafting conclusions and recommendations tied with findings
• Power point presentation with main contents of the report for initial feedback

1.5 months

20%

4

Final report

And dissemination workshop

• Incorporation of feedback into final report
• Reader-friendly and innovative policy brief
• A participatory debriefing/workshop of final report with stakeholders to finalize recommendations

0.5 month

20%

5

Value for money analysis and gender a

• A stand alone value for money report that includes description of the methodology used and the results of the analysis

1 month

20%

*Please note that this schedule is aligned with the new Country Programme development timeline. This means that there can be no delays in the delivery of any of the reports. In particular, a draft final report is expected on December 2019 at the latest and final evaluation report on January. Delays in these deliverables will have an impact on the use of the evaluation for informing the next Country Programme Document, and thus no delays will be acceptable.

 

4.5 End products

 

1. An inception report that presents the complete methodology approach to conducting the work, with all tools fully drafted. The inception report will also need to fully develop the data collection and analysis strategy and triangulation methodology. The tools and analytical methods used should explicitly consider gender, human rights and equity dimensions. An evaluation matrix that includes the evaluation questions and maps these to the tools and specific questions in the tools, as well as respondent groups is expected. Ethical considerations need to be included. The inception report should present the proposed content of the final report following the GEROS reporting standards. 

 

1. The inception report will need to be accompanied by a PPT, which needs to be presented and shared with the reference group.

 

The inception report should present the approaches for both the final report and also for the stand-alone value for money and gender report. 

 

 

1. Draft Final Report. A final report that adheres to the GEROS reporting standards. The report needs to show a clear flow from objectives and purpose of the evaluation, evaluation questions, methods and tools used to collect and gather information, analytical approach, findings, conclusions and recommendations. Recommendations are expected to be presented and discussed with the reference group.

 

1. Draft final report PPT: The drat final report is to be presented and discussed with the reference group. Special attention to be taken to the discussion of the recommendations.

 

1. Final Report. A final report that incorporates comments and inputs given to the draft final report and that adheres to the GEROS reporting standards. The report needs to show a clear flow from objectives and purpose of the evaluation, evaluation questions, methods and tools used to collect and gather information, analytical approach, findings, conclusions and recommendations.  The report should aim for conciseness, readability, and visual appeal.

 

1. The final report will be followed by a participatory dissemination workshop, where the key stakeholders will take part in finalizing the recommendations of the report. This presentation will include maximum 10 slides in the key findings, followed by the initial recommendations that will be presented for discussion.

 

1. A reader-friendly policy brief that summarizes the key findings, conclusions and recommendations of the evaluation needs to be produced. The firm can choose the format, but it is expected that innovative formats such as infographics or an ebook are used for enhanced readability.

 

1. Data archive: Data gathered in the exercise is transferred in an organized archive that will permit follow-on users to replicate or extend the analysis. Suitable care to be taken in assuring the anonymity of respondents.

 

1. Value for money analysis. A stand-alone value for money analysis report that includes the methodology used, clearly outlines which areas of VFM were covered through quantitative data, which ones through qualitative data and which framework was used to come up with an overall value for money concept.

 

1. A stand alone gender analysis and recommendations that includes the methodology used, clearly outlines which areas of gender analysis were covered through quantitative data, which ones through qualitative data and which framework was used to come up with an overall gender analysis report and recommendations of the WASH program.

 

The inception report and draft evaluation report will be shared with the evaluation reference group for feedback.

 

The consulting team will refine the proposed timeframe and expected products in the inception report.  UNICEF Bangladesh reserves the right to ensure the quality of products submitted by the external evaluation team and will request revisions until the product meets the quality standards as expressed by the joint ERG.

 

 

5. Supervisors and management of the assignment:

The research and evaluation specialist will manage the evaluation and contract. The Chief SPEAR will supervise the overall assignment. The WASH section will be involved throughout the entire evaluation. The WASH team will be responsible for setting up and calling the Evaluation Reference Group.

 

As per UNICEF evaluation guidelines, the South Asia Regional Office will also be involved in giving feedback to all deliverables, and the final draft report will undergo an external assessment to help align it with GEROS standards.

 

A Reference Group comprised of key stakeholders from the government and other partners will be set up from the onset of the evaluation. The Reference Group will be consulted on each key milestone of the evaluation and will give feedback on the TORs and deliverables of the evaluation. Evaluation results will also be presented and validated by the Reference Group. The evaluation manager will have the accountability of accepting each deliverable.

 

 

1. Payment schedule:

 

First payment: 20% upon approval of the inception report and work plan

Second payment: 20% upon approval of fieldwork report and delivery of presentation

Third Payment: 20 % upon approval of draft final report and delivery of presentation

Fourth payment: 20% upon approval of final report and delivery of final presentation

Final payment: 20% upon approval of value for money analysis  and the gender stand alone report

 

 

7. Qualifications or specialized knowledge/experience required for the assignment:

Institutional Consultancy:

Given the complexity of the assignment, it is anticipated that this evaluation is conducted by a reputable agency with experience in conducting similar evaluations on WASH programmes or similar for organisations operating in the international development sector. The evaluation team should comprise a maximum of 5 team members, including at least the following: Lead Evaluator (international consultant), one subject matter expert (international or national consultant) and one National Consultant. Given the country context, it is important that the evaluation team be gender-balanced (also in leadership roles) and that at least one of the team members has expertise on gender.

 

The Lead Evaluator will play a lead role during all phases of the evaluation and coordinate/supervise the work of the rest of the team. She/he will ensure the quality of the evaluation process, outputs, methodology and timely delivery of all products. The team leader will lead the inception phase including the conceptualization and design of the evaluation, guide the data collection phase, lead the analysis of key findings, lead the drafting of the final report and lead the validation process with stakeholders.

 

The key qualifications of the Lead Evaluator include:

 

• At least ten years of professional experience in evaluations with strong evidence of understanding global standards, theories, models and methods related to evaluation;
• Proven experience in designing, leading and conducting evaluations of similar scope in the context of developing programming, which involve critical analysis of organizational strategies and strategic positioning;
• Relevant working experience preferably in leading WASH-related evaluations, not only on specific interventions but also on WASH systems.;
• Relevant experience in conducting value for money analysis preferably for WASH programmes
• Relevant experience in gender assessments  and gender sensitive/ responsive programming
• Strong experience in the design, management and implementation of development programmes and knowledge of programming principles: Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA), Gender Equality, Capacity Development and Results Based Management (RBM)/ Expertise in environmental sustainability, climate change adaptation and mitigation and/or natural resource management preferred
• Very strong quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis skills;
• Knowledge of the UNICEF/UN programming;
• Excellent written and oral communication skills in English.

 

The proposed Lead Evaluator of the bidding agencies should submit the report of the two most recent evaluations for which s/he served as a team leader.

 

The Subject Matter Expert will provide technical expertise on WASH services and systems in the various stages of the evaluation. She/he will ensure that evaluation design, methods and tools are adapted to the WASH system in Bangladesh; contribute to data collection as needed and ensure that the final evaluation report, including recommendations, accurately reflects the local governance context in Bangladesh.

 

The key qualifications of the Subject Matter Expert include:

• At least 7 years’ experience in conducting research on WASH issues in the context of developing countries; Demonstrated expertise in climate change adaptation and mitigation or environmental sustainability
• Excellent understanding of WASH issues in South Asia as well as in-depth knowledge of WASH systems in Bangladesh;
• Good knowledge of WASH sector programmes;
• Relevant working experience in Bangladesh and preferably experience in WASH systems and the WASH sector of the country;
• Very strong quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis skills;
• Knowledge of the UNICEF/UN programming;
• Excellent written and oral communication skills in English

 

The National Consultant will contribute to designing the evaluation, will provide inputs to the inception report and will be responsible for the collection of relevant data in the field. This consultant will work closely with the Team Leader and contribute substantively to the work of the team leader, providing advice regarding the context of Bangladesh. He/she will, under the overall supervision of the Team Leader, contribute to the preparation of the final report as necessary.

 

The key qualifications of the National Consultant include:

• At least five years’ experience in conducting research and analysis on issues relating to WASH (focusing on stunting and adolescent health and wellbeing in Bangladesh;
• Proven understanding of evaluation principles, methods, norms and standards – especially those of the United Nations Evaluation Group;
• Prior experience in evaluation and in supporting the conduct of evaluations;
• Ability to communicate with counterparts and stakeholders in Bangla;
• Proven ability to deliver high-quality written work in the English language and to engage effectively with stakeholders at all levels;
• Excellent written and oral communication skills in English and Bangla.

 

 

 

 

8. EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR TECHNICAL PROPOSAL

 

 CATEGORY

POINTS

OVERALL RESPONSE

* Understanding of, and responsiveness to, UNICEF Bangladesh Office requirements;

* Understanding of scope, objectives and completeness of response;

* Overall concord between UNICEF requirements and the proposal.

 

5

METHODOLOGY AND DETAILED TIMELINE

* Quality and suitability of the proposed approach and methodology (detailed description of overall approach, draft evaluation matrix, initial sampling design, initial proposed methods including those for a VFM analysis, gender assessment, and triangulation, etc.);

* Quality of proposed implementation plan, i.e how the bidder will undertake each task and time-schedules;

*Risk assessment and ethical considerations - recognition of the risks/peripheral problems and methods to prevent and manage risks/peripheral problems, and inclusion of ethical considerations.

* Timelines proposed must be detailed and realistic;

(35)

20

 

 

 

5

 

5

 

5

 

 

ORGANISATIONAL CAPACITY and PROPOSED TEAM

* Professional expertise of the firm/company/organization, knowledge and experience with similar projects, contracts, clients and consulting assignments

* Team leader: Relevant experience, qualifications, and position with firm;

* Team members - Relevant experience, skills & competencies;

* Organization of the team and roles & responsibilities;

 

(30)

10

 

10

5

5

    TOTAL MARKS

 

70

 

For this RFP, the Technical Proposal has a total score of 70 points. Bidders must score minimum of 49 points to be considered technically compliant and in order, for the Financial Proposals to be opened. Financial proposal has a total score of 30 points.

 

The final selection of the bidder will be based on a quality and cost basis as specified in the RFP.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annex 1: WASH Project Areas

 

Sl no.

Divisions

Districts

Intervention Upazilas under UNDAF

Intervention Upazilas under DPP

Intervention City Corporations/

Pourashavas under DPP

Remarks

1

Khulna

Bagerhat

Moralgonj, Shoronkhola

Moralgonj

Bagerhat

UNDAF

2

 

Satkhira

Tala,

Shyamnagar,

Assasuni, Shyamnagar

 

UNDAF

3

 

Narail

 

Lohagora

 

Saline prone area

4

 

Kushtia

Daulatpur,

Bheramara

 

 

 

5

 

Khulna

Dacope,

Koyra

Dacope,

Koyra

Khulna City Corporation

UNDAF

6

Barisal

Barguna

Patharghata, Barguna Sadar

Amtali, BargunaSadar

Barguna

UNDAF

7

 

Bhola

Charfassion,

Lalmohan,

Monpura

Char Fasson, BholaSadar,

Bhola

UNDAF

8

 

Patuakhali

Kolapara,

Golachipa

Kalapara

 

UNDAF

9

 

Pirojpur

 

Kaukhali

 

As prone area

10

Dhaka

Faridpur

 

Sadarpur

Dhaka City Corporation

As prone area

11

 

Gopalganj

 

Kotalipara

 

As prone area

12

 

Jamalpur

Islampur,

Dewanganj

JamalpurSadar

Jamalpur

13

 

Netrakona

Khaliajuree,

Kalmakanda

 

Atpara

Netrokona

14

 

Sherpur

Sreebordi

Nalitabari

 

 

 

15

 

Tangail

Nagarpur,

Madhupur

 

 

 

16

 

Munshigonj

 

Louhojonj

 

As prone area

17

 

Manikgonj

 

ManikgonjSadar

 

As prone area

18

Rangpur

Gaibandha

Fhulchari,

Sadar

Fulchhari

Gaibandha

UNDAF

19

 

Kurigram

Sadar,

Char Rajibpur

Chilmari, Fulbari

Kurigram

UNDAF

20

 

Nilphamari

Kishoreganj,

Dimla,

Domar

Dimla

Nilphamari

UNDAF

21

 

Rangpur

 

Gonggachara

 

22

Rajshahi

Sirajganj

Shahjadpur, Belkuchi

Shahjadpur, Belkuchi

 

UNDAF

23

 

C. Nawabganj

Shibganj

Sadar

 

 

 

24

Sylhet

Habiganj

Baniachang,

Chunarughat

Baniachong, Madoppur

Habiganj

UNDAF

25

 

Sunamganj

S.Sunamganj

Bishwambharpur

Dowarabazar

Sunamganj

UNDAF

26

 

Sylhet

Sadar,

Jaintapur

Goainghat

 

UNDAF

27

 

Moulavibazar

Sreemongol

Rajnagar

 

 

 

28

Chittagong

Comilla

 

Homna, Daudkandi

 

As prone area

29

 

Cox's Bazar

Ukhia,

Teknaf

Ukhia, Pekua

Cox's Bazar

UNDAF

30

 

Noakhali

 

Subarnachar

 

Saline prone area

31

 

Khagrachhari

Laxmichari,   Dighinala

Lakshmichhari, Mahalchhari, 

Khagrachari

UNDAF

32

 

Bandarban

Thanchi,

Ruma

Lama, Rawanchari

Bandarban

UNDAF

33

 

Rangamati

Belaichari,    Jurachari

Baghaichhari, Borkal

 

UNDAF

 

Annex 2: WASH Programme Strategy Note

Please see the attached document.